Gambling is a behaviour in which you wager something of value on an event with the intention of winning something else of value, where the events are decided by chance. When you win, your brain releases a chemical called dopamine to let you know that you have done well, which is how the human brain learns – like when you practise shooting baskets into a net and get closer each time. Problem gambling changes this system in the brain, resulting in addiction. It can cause you to gamble even when the harms start to outweigh the entertainment value.
Around 2.5 million adults in the United States would meet the criteria for a severe gambling disorder. Many people who develop a gambling disorder are low-income and young – men outnumber women in both groups – but anyone can become vulnerable to developing an addictive pattern of behaviour.
The elation of anticipating a big win, the devastation of a big loss and the illusion of control are some of the main reasons why some people become addicted to gambling. Additional risk factors include boredom susceptibility, impulsivity, use of escape coping, life stressors and depression.
It can feel very lonely coping with a loved one’s gambling problems. Try to remember that you are not alone and that many families have experienced this. Seek out support to help you find a way through this. It is also a good idea to set boundaries in managing money and to limit access to credit and electronic devices.
